Bisan Chemicals And Engineers Private Limited

Being a foremost organization in the industry, we are actively engaged in offering the best quality range of Domestic Sewage Treatment Plant.

We deal in domestic waste water treatment plant , domestic stp , sewage treatment plant for home in india , home sewage treatment plant cost Sewage water treatment plant can remove all major contaminations from water in spite of them being solid or really tiny. For this, the domestic plant follows a process to attain quality treated water.These plants are installed to prevent water scarcity in areas or properties currently facing one. Domestic sewage substantially includes the waste in the form of paper, food, wastewater of bathroom and sink, human waste and alike. It is necessary to remove all these waste before letting the wastewater out in the environment. The treated water won’t go to waste has it will be clean to reuse. This will help develop a sustainable and eco-friendly environment and will help to save water for our future generations.The treated water won’t go to waste has it will be clean to reuse. This will help develop a sustainable and eco-friendly environment and will help to save water for our future generations.
A domestic sewage water treatment plant is an excellent and cost-efficient measure to attain pure wastewater. As the name says, this plant purifies waste in a domestic (or residential) area or establishment and turns them into reusable water. The installed domestic sewage treatment plant can be used in the big industries too if they have only a few people. This would help to prevent waste from flowing directly into the environment. The treated water will be clean enough for reuse, which will help develop a sustainable and eco-friendly environment.
 The process starts with the screening of the water and removing visible objects like plastic bottles, leaves, clothing items and alike. Then the water is passed through screens to separate solids such as rags, pebbles, sand and dirt. All these removed solid matters are kept for further treatment or gets disposed off. After this comes the grit collection unit which removes pebbles, edges and hard fragments from water that might damage other parts of the plant.
Whether it's the kitchen sink, the toilet or the shower we will all use domestic sewage treatment plants ("sewerage") at some point in our lives. Sewerage systems are used on a large scale in urban areas to collect domestic waste water and dirty water from industrial plant and take them directly to a waste water treatment plant. At home, you may have a septic tank (i.e. your own small-scale sewage works) or if you're lucky, connect directly to the sewers provided by your local authority.


we also deal in domestic waste water treatment plant , underground drainage and sewage systemsewage treatment plant,SBR sewage treatment plant,mbr sewage treatment plant,prefabricated domestic stp,domestic sewage system or domestic sewage treatment system,domestic stp ,MBBR sewage treatment plant

The working principle of the effluent treatment plant system is undertaken to be one of the most effective principles used in an effluent treatment plant system where a large amount of human-friendly chemicals is used that is applied to the water to make it free from all the factors that might be harmful to human and aquatic life. This is an important part of ETP that can be highlighted that helps to highlight that the working principles vary in several ways, furthermore, with the service of etp plant.

 

The effluent treatment plant system is a wastewater treatment process (WWTP) that is used to treat wastewater. It's mostly used in industries like pharmaceuticals, textiles and chemicals where extreme water contamination is a possibility. 

 

Being an eminent organization in the industry, we are involved in providing a premium quality range of Industrial Effluent Treatment Plant.

The effluent treatment plant falls under this category as their common names are  effluent treatment system, etp, Effluent wastewater treatment plant, dairy etp, mbr etp plant, effluent treatment plant for textile industry, effluent treatment plant system, Effluent Treatment Plant for Pharmaceutical industry, Rice Mill ETP, Effluent Treatment For Rice Mills

The importance of Effluent Treatment Plant, Effluent treatment plants are an important part of the industries which helps in cleaning the water released out from them. The need for ETP plants came into existence with implementation of India’s Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. This has been made mandatory to be installed in industries by the act. There are a number of industries where water has been used while producing products and after using the water it was being released out into the environment directly without knowing about its effects. The Effluent Treatment Plant process helps in treating the polluted water before releasing it into the environment. The ETP process is made up of different techniques which are used for treating and cleaning the waste water coming out from different kind of factories

An Industrial Sewage Treatment Plant (ISTP), also commonly referred to as an Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) when dealing with a broader range of industrial wastewater, is a specialized facility designed to treat the wastewater generated by industrial processes before it is discharged into the environment or reused. This wastewater, known as industrial effluent, is often significantly different from domestic sewage and can contain a variety of pollutants specific to the industry, such as heavy metals, complex organic compounds, oils, greases, high salinity, acids, alkalis, and toxic chemicals.

 

The primary goal of an ISTP/ETP is to remove or reduce these contaminants to levels that meet stringent environmental regulations (discharge standards) to prevent pollution of natural water bodies and protect public health.

 

Key Differences from Domestic Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs)

 

While ISTPs share some common processes with domestic STPs, the key differences lie in:

•  Wastewater Characteristics: Industrial effluents are highly variable, often more concentrated, and may contain non-biodegradable or toxic components.

   

• Treatment Complexity: ISTPs often require more complex and specialized treatment technologies tailored to the specific pollutants.

   

•  Pre-treatment Needs: Industrial wastewater frequently needs more extensive pre-treatment to handle extreme pH, high suspended solids, or specific chemicals.

   

• Regulatory Compliance: Industrial discharge standards can be much stricter and industry-specific.

   

 

Typical Stages and Equipment in an Industrial Sewage Treatment Plant (ISTP/ETP)

 

The actual configuration of an ISTP varies greatly depending on the type of industry, the volume of wastewater, and the nature of the pollutants. However, a typical plant often includes the following stages:

, sometimes also referred to as a Packaged STP or a Skid-Mounted STP, is a sewage treatment system where most of the primary components (tanks, piping, pumps, blowers, control panel, etc.) are pre-built and assembled in a factory, often on a common skid or within pre-fabricated modular units, before being transported to the site for installation.

This contrasts with traditional "civil construction" STPs, where the tanks and major structures are built entirely on-site using concrete and other civil engineering methods.

 

Key Characteristics of Fabricated STPs:

 

1. Factory-Built Quality: Components are manufactured and assembled in a controlled factory environment, leading to better quality control, precision, and often more robust construction compared to on-site civil works, especially in challenging weather conditions.

2. Reduced On-Site Construction Time: A significant portion of the work is done off-site, drastically cutting down installation time at the final location. This means less disruption, noise, and labor requirements on the actual site.

3. Modular & Compact Design: They are designed to be compact and efficient in terms of footprint, making them suitable for sites with limited space. The modular nature allows for easier expansion by adding more units if required.

4. Faster Commissioning: Since most of the system is pre-assembled and often pre-tested, commissioning times are typically shorter.

5. Cost-Effective (for certain capacities): While the initial unit cost might sometimes seem higher than raw civil construction, the savings in on-site labor, reduced project time, and consistent quality often make them more economical for small to medium capacities.

6. "Plug-and-Play" (to an extent): While not as portable as truly containerized units, they are designed for relatively easy connection to the inlet sewage line, treated effluent d

An Ultrafiltration (UF) Plant is a type of water treatment system that uses a semi-permeable membrane to remove suspended solids, colloids, bacteria, viruses, and other macromolecules from water. It's a pressure-driven membrane process that falls between microfiltration (MF) and nanofiltration (NF) in terms of pore size and what it can remove.

 

How Ultrafiltration Works

 

The core of a UF plant is the UF membrane module, which typically consists of thousands of hollow fibers or flat sheets. The process works as follows:

1. Feed Water Input: Raw water (often pre-treated to remove larger suspended solids to prevent membrane fouling) is fed into the UF module under pressure.

2. Pressure-Driven Separation: Water is forced through the semi-permeable membrane. The membrane acts as a physical barrier.

3. Permeate (Treated Water): Pure water (permeate) and dissolved salts (which are smaller than the membrane pores) pass through the membrane and are collected.

4. Concentrate (Reject): Suspended solids, colloids, bacteria, viruses, and larger macromolecules are retained by the membrane and accumulate on the feed side. This concentrated stream, known as the reject or concentrate, is periodically flushed out.

 

Characteristics of UF Membranes

 

• Pore Size: UF membranes have pore sizes typically ranging from 0.01 to 0.1 microns (or 10 to 100 nanometers). This allows them to effectively remove:

  • Suspended solids

  • Colloids

  • Bacteria

  • Viruses (typically >99.99% removal)

  • Proteins

  • Endotoxins

  •  

ewage Treatment Plants (STPs) heavily rely on a variety of electro-mechanical equipment to perform the various stages of wastewater purification. These components are essential for moving, mixing, aerating, separating, and disinfecting the sewage.

 

Here's a breakdown of the key electro-mechanical equipment found in STPs:

I. Preliminary Treatment:

•  Screens (Bar Screens, Fine Screens, Micro Screens): These are the first line of defense, designed to remove large solid objects (rags, plastics, debris) from the incoming wastewater.

   

  • Coarse Screens: Have larger openings (6mm to 150mm) and remove larger debris. They can be hand-cleaned or mechanically cleaned.

  •  Fine Screens: Have smaller openings (less than 6mm) and remove finer suspended solids. Examples include drum screens, step screens, and continuous belt screens.

     

  • Mechanically Cleaned Screens: Utilize rakes or brushes to continuously remove accumulated debris, improving efficiency and preventing clogging.

     

•  Grit Chambers/Separators: Remove inorganic grit like sand, gravel, and coffee grounds, which can cause abrasion and wear in pumps and other equipment.

   

  • Electro-mechanical components here might include grit pumps and agitators to keep organic matter in suspension while grit settles.

     

II. Primary Treatment (Sedimentation/Clarification):

• Clarifiers (Primary Clarifiers): Large tanks where heavier suspended solids settle to the bottom by gravity.

   

  •  Scrapers/Raker Arms: Motorized mechanisms that continuously scrape the settled sludge from the bottom to a central hopper for removal.

     

  •  

An MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) based STP (Sewage Treatment Plant) represents a significant leap forward in wastewater treatment technology. It combines the conventional biological treatment process (like activated sludge) with an advanced membrane filtration process. Essentially, the traditional secondary clarifier and often the tertiary filtration steps are replaced by a membrane module directly submerged in (or external to) the bioreactor.

 

How an MBR Based STP Works:

 

1. Preliminary Treatment:

   • Screening: Removes large suspended solids, rags, and debris to protect the membranes from damage and clogging. This is even more critical for MBRs due to the delicate nature of membranes. Fine screens are typically used.

   • Grit Removal: Removes sand, grit, and other heavy inorganic particles.

   • Equalization Tank: Balances flow and pollutant load, providing a consistent feed to the biological reactor.

2. Biological Treatment (MBR Bioreactor):

   • Aeration Tank: Similar to conventional activated sludge, an aeration tank is used where a high concentration of microorganisms (activated sludge) breaks down organic pollutants (BOD, COD, nitrogen, phosphorus) in the sewage.

   • Submerged Membranes: This is the key difference. Instead of a separate clarifier, the membranes (typically hollow fiber or flat sheet configuration with very fine pores, e.g., 0.04 to 0.4 microns) are directly immersed in the mixed liquor (sludge and water mixture) of the aeration tank.

   • Suction/Pressure: A slight vacuum (suction) is applied to the membranes or a positive pressure is applied to the feed water, drawing the clean water (permeate) through the membrane pores.

   • High Biomass Concentration: Because the membranes physically separate the biomass from the treated water, the concentration of microorganisms (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids - MLSS) in the MBR tank can be maintained at much higher levels (typically 8,000-15,000 mg/L) than in conventional activated sludge systems (2,000-4,000 mg/L). This high biomass concentration directly contributes to the system's efficiency and compactness.

   • Aeration for Membrane Scouring: In addition to providing oxygen for the microorganisms, vigorous aeration is also directed towards the membrane surfaces. This "air scour" helps to continuously clean the membranes, prevent fouling (clogging), and maintain flux (flow rate through the membrane).

3. Permeate Collection:

   • The clean water that passes through the membranes (the permeate) is collected in a header and then directed for discharge or reuse.

4.  

An SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) based STP (Sewage Treatment Plant) is a highly flexible and efficient type of activated sludge process used for treating domestic and sometimes industrial wastewater. Unlike conventional continuous flow systems, an SBR operates in a batch mode, meaning all the treatment steps (filling, reaction, settling, and drawing) occur sequentially in a single tank.

 

How an SBR Based STP Works:

 

An SBR system typically consists of one or more reactor tanks that operate on a timed cycle. A typical cycle for a single SBR tank involves five distinct phases:

1. Fill (or Anoxic Fill):

   • Raw, pre-screened, and grit-removed sewage enters the SBR tank.

   • During this phase, the tank is partially filled with new influent and existing activated sludge.

   • Mixing may occur without aeration (anoxic conditions) to promote denitrification (conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas) if nitrogen removal is a target. This helps reduce the total nitrogen in the effluent.

   • The fill time is crucial and depends on the influent flow rate.

2. React (Aeration):

   • Once the tank is filled to the desired level, or after a specific anoxic period, aeration begins.

   • Air (oxygen) is supplied to the mixed liquor (wastewater + activated sludge) in the tank using diffusers or mechanical aerators.

   • Aerobic microorganisms actively break down organic pollutants (BOD, COD) into carbon dioxide, water, and new biomass.

   • Nitrification (conversion of ammonia to nitrates) also occurs during this aerobic phase.

   • The duration of the react phase depends on the organic load and the desired treatment efficiency.

3. Settle (Sedimentation/Clarification):

   • Aeration and mixing are stopped, allowing the activated sludge (biomass) to settle by gravity to the bottom of the tank, forming a clear layer of treated water (supernatant) above.

   • This phase is critical for achieving good separation of solids from the liquid.

4. Decant (Draw):

   • After settling, the treated supernatant (effluent) is slowly and carefully drawn off from the top of the tank, typically using a specialized decanter mechanism that prevents settled sludge from being drawn along with the effluent.

   • A certain volume of sludge is usually left in the tank to act as the "seed" for the next cycle.

5. Idle (or Waste Sludge/Refill Preparation):

   • This is an optional phase, a short period between the decant and the next fill cycle.

   • During this time, excess sludge can be wasted from the bottom of the tank to maintain the desired sludge age.

   •  

Electrocoagulation technology is treatment process of applying electrical current to treat and flocculate contaminates without having to add coagulation. Electrocoagulation is an alternative method to classic chemicals coagulation for many reasons. Electrocoagulation is an electro chemical process

Bisan Packaged Sewage Treatment Plant (PSTP) is housed in specially designed and highly durable MSEP tank. 

The Bisan Packaged STP is designed to bring the treated sewage parameters (BOD, COD, TSS, TN etc.) below the permissible limit which is stipulated by the Pollution Control Board. MBBR technology is used in this system.

APPLICATION AND USES

 

• Residential and Commercial Complex
• Public Garden and National Park
• Hotel & Resorts
• Restaurants
• Industries
• Institutions
• Hospitals
• Temples
• Government Offices
• Labour Quarters
• Township
• Hostels

Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment that aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable for discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. 

Sewage contains wastewater tram households and businesses and possibly pre-treated industrial wastewater. There are a high number of sewage treatment processes to choose from. These can range from decentralized systems (including on-site treatment systems) to large centralized systems involving a network of pipes and pump stations (caged sewerage) which convey the sewage to a treatment plant 

A Commercial Sewage Treatment Plant (CSTP) is a wastewater treatment facility specifically designed to treat domestic sewage generated by commercial establishments. This includes businesses such as hotels, resorts, hospitals, shopping malls, office complexes, educational institutions, housing societies, industrial parks (for their domestic sewage component), and other similar facilities that generate wastewater akin to household sewage.

The primary goal of a CSTP is to treat this sewage to a quality that meets local environmental discharge standards, allowing it to be safely released into a municipal sewer system (if permitted), a nearby water body, or often, reused for non-potable purposes like landscaping, toilet flushing, or cooling tower make-up.

 

Key Differences from Municipal STPs and Industrial ETPs

 

• Compared to Municipal STPs: CSTPs are typically smaller in scale and designed for specific establishments rather than an entire city or town. They are often modular or packaged units for easier installation on-site.

• Compared to Industrial ETPs: CSTPs primarily deal with domestic-type sewage (human waste, grey water from kitchens, laundries, bathrooms) and generally do not face the complex chemical or heavy metal contamination often found in industrial effluents. This simplifies the treatment process significantly, although some commercial entities (like hospitals or laundries) might have specific constituents that require minor adjustments.

 

Typical Stages and Equipment in a Commercial Sewage Treatment Plant

 

CSTPs employ a combination of physical, biological, and sometimes chemical processes, similar to larger municipal STPs but adapted for a commercial scale.

1. Preliminary Treatment: (To remove large solids and protect downstream equipment)

   • Bar Screen: Removes large floating debris like rags, plastic,

A Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is a facility designed to remove contaminants from wastewater, primarily from domestic sources (residential buildings, commercial complexes, hotels, hospitals). The goal of an STP is to produce treated water (effluent) that can be safely discharged back into the environment or reused for non-potable purposes, and to manage the solid byproducts (sludge).

STPs are crucial for:

• Protecting public health: By eliminating disease-causing pathogens.

• Preventing environmental pollution: By removing harmful organic matter, nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus), and suspended solids that can degrade natural water bodies.

• Water conservation: By enabling the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation, toilet flushing, industrial cooling, and other non-drinking applications, reducing the reliance on fresh water sources.

Basic Process Stages of an STP:

STPs typically involve a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes to achieve different levels of purification.

1. Preliminary Treatment:

   • Purpose: To remove large, easily removable solids that can damage or clog downstream equipment.

   • Process:

     • Screening: Raw sewage passes through bar screens (coarse and fine) that capture large debris like rags, plastics, wood, and other trash. Mechanical screens are often used for continuous cleaning.

     • Grit Removal: The water then flows into grit chambers where sand, gravel, and other heavy inorganic solids (grit) settle out by gravity. This prevents abrasion of pumps and pipes.

   • Electro-Mechanical Components: Mechanical screens, grit pumps, grit classifiers.

2. Primary Treatment:

   • Purpose: To remove a significant portion of suspended solids and some organic matter through sedimentation.

   • Process: Wastewater flows slowly into large primary clarifiers (or sedimentation tanks). Heavier organic and inorganic solids settle to the bottom as "primary sludge," while lighter materials like oil and grease float to the surface as "scum."

   • Electro-Mechanical Components: Scrapers/Raker arms (motorized) to collect settled sludge, skimmers to remove floating scum, primary sludge pumps to transfer the sludge for further treatment.

3. Secondary Treatment (Biological Treatment):

   • Purpose: To remove dissolved and fine suspended organic matter using microorganisms. This is the heart of most STPs, significantly reducing the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).

A Compact Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is a self-contained, pre-engineered, and often modular or prefabricated system designed to treat domestic wastewater (sewage) from residential complexes, commercial buildings, hotels, hospitals, educational institutions, and even industrial facilities (for their domestic sewage, not process effluent). They are particularly beneficial where space is limited, or rapid deployment is required.

 

How Compact STPs Work (General Principles):

 

Compact STPs utilize a combination of physical, biological, and sometimes chemical processes to purify sewage. Common technologies employed include:

1. Preliminary Treatment:

   • Screening: Removes large floating debris (rags, plastics, etc.) to protect pumps and downstream equipment.

   • Grit Chamber: Allows heavier inorganic particles like sand and grit to settle.

2. Primary Treatment:

   • Sedimentation/Settling Tank: Raw sewage flows into a tank where heavier suspended solids settle to the bottom (forming primary sludge), and lighter materials (grease, oil) float to the surface (scum). This stage removes a significant portion of suspended solids and some organic matter.

3. Secondary (Biological) Treatment: This is the core of sewage treatment, where microorganisms break down organic pollutants.

   • Aeration Tank: Air (oxygen) is introduced into the wastewater to promote the growth of aerobic bacteria. These bacteria consume the organic matter in the sewage as their food source, converting it into carbon dioxide, water, and more biomass (activated sludge).

   • Common Biological Technologies in Compact STPs:

     • Mixed Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR): Uses small plastic carriers (media) with a large surface area for bacteria to grow on. These carriers are kept in suspension within the aeration tank. MBBRs are known for their compact size, robustness, and ability to handle varying loads.

Wastewater treatment relies on a diverse array of equipment, each designed for specific functions in removing contaminants and purifying water. The choice of equipment depends heavily on the source of the wastewater (municipal, industrial), the types and concentrations of pollutants present, and the desired quality of the treated effluent.

Here's a description of common wastewater treatment equipment, categorized by the stages of treatment:

 

I. Preliminary Treatment Equipment

 

This stage focuses on removing large, easily separable solids and floating materials to protect downstream equipment.

1. Screens (Bar Screens, Fine Screens, Rotary Screens):

   • Description: Physical barriers with openings (bars, mesh, perforated plates) that capture large debris like rags, plastics, wood, and other floating or suspended solids.

   • Function: Prevents damage to pumps, valves, and other sensitive equipment in subsequent stages. Can be manual or automated with mechanical rakes.

   • Types: Coarse screens (large openings) for initial removal, fine screens (smaller openings) for finer particles, and rotary screens (rotating drums with screens) for continuous operation and self-cleaning.

2. Grit Removal Systems (Grit Chambers, Aerated Grit Chambers, Vortex Grit Removers):

   • Description: Tanks or channels designed to slow down the wastewater flow, allowing heavier inorganic particles like sand, gravel, and coffee grounds (grit) to settle out by gravity.

   • Function: Protects pumps and pipelines from abrasion and prevents accumulation of inert solids in tanks.

   • Equipment: May include grit classifiers, grit pumps, and conveyors for grit removal and washing.

3. Oil & Grease Separators (Oil Skimmers, Dissolved Air Flotation - DAF):

   • Description:

     • Oil Skimmers: Devices that mechanically remove floating oil and grease from the water surface.

     • Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF): A process where air is dissolved into the wastewater under pressure and then released at atmospheric pressure. This creates tiny bubbles that attach to oil, grease, and suspended solids, causing them to float to the surface for skimming.

   • Function: Removes fats, oils, and greases (FOG) that can cause blockages, odors, and interfere with biological treatment.

A Containerized Sewage Treatment Plant (CSTP) is a compact, pre-fabricated, and self-contained wastewater treatment system built inside standard shipping containers (typically 20ft or 40ft). This "plug-and-play" design allows for rapid deployment, ease of transport, and flexibility, making them ideal for situations where traditional civil construction of an STP is not feasible or desired.

 

Key Features and Concept

 

• Modular Design: All necessary treatment components (tanks, pumps, blowers, controls, etc.) are integrated within one or more containers.

• Plug-and-Play: Designed for quick installation. Once delivered, they primarily require connection to the raw sewage inlet, treated effluent outlet, power supply, and a drain for sludge/backwash.

• Portability: Can be easily transported by road, rail, or sea, making them suitable for remote locations or temporary needs.

• Compact Footprint: Maximizes space utilization, making them ideal for sites with limited land availability.

• Scalability: Multiple containers can be combined to treat larger volumes of sewage.

• Factory-Built and Tested: Most of the fabrication and assembly are done in a controlled factory environment, ensuring quality control and reducing on-site construction time and disruption.

• Weather-Resistant: The container structure provides protection from environmental elements.

 

Typical Treatment Processes within a CSTP

 

CSTPs utilize various established wastewater treatment technologies, scaled down to fit within the container. Common processes include:

1. Preliminary Treatment:

   • Bar Screen: Manual or automatic screens to remove large debris.

   • Grit Chamber: Sometimes integrated, or a small separate unit, to settle grit.

2. Primary Treatment:

   • Equalization Tank: A small tank or section within the container to buffer flow and load variations.

   • Settling/Sedimentation: A compartment for initial settling of solids.

3. Secondary (Biological) Treatment: This is the core of most CSTPs, often using advanced biological methods for efficiency in a small space:

   • Activated Sludge Process (ASP): Compact versions with fine bubble diffusers for aeration.

   • Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR): Very popular for CSTPs due to their high volumetric efficiency and ability to handle shock load